DIVISION OF GRADUATED PROGRAMS (MSc AND PhD) GEOPHYSICS The Graduated Program (MSc and PhD) of the Observatório Nacional, PG-ON, was authorized by the judgment of the Federal Council of Education - CFE 05/73 on January 22, 1973. Minimum conditions to be accepted in the Program are: to have a BSc in Physics, Mathematics, Geophysics or related areas and to be approved in the Selection Process.